The Origins of Sociology Free Essays

FK8R 34 Sociology An: Introduction to Sociology Alisha Walsh In the mid 1800’s, French creator Auguste Comte thought of the term â€Å"sociology†. Albeit past rationalists, antiquarians and political masterminds had contemplated and attempted to comprehend their social orders, this was the point at which it started to create as an unmistakable science. Comte experienced childhood in a period of extraordinary social and political change. We will compose a custom article test on The Origins of Sociology or on the other hand any comparative theme just for you Request Now As the world quickly transformed, he and others started to contemplate the social orders they lived in. He looked to make a study of society that could clarify the laws of the social world similarly as science clarified the working of the physical world. (Giddens 2006:11) Throughout the eighteenth and nineteenth century political unrests happening all through Europe, the Enlightenment and the Industrial Revolution all lead to already concealed changes in numerous social orders. The French Revolution of 1789 implied that rulers of Europe went under extreme examination. Subjects started to scrutinize their â€Å"divine right† to run the show. Thoughts of individuals’ rights and their state in how society was run risen. Ideological groups and social change immediately followed. Extraordinary logical revelations shaped a point of view of looking to science and motivation to respond to inquiries regarding the regular and social world. Individuals were getting some distance from the congregation, religion and strange notion for these answers. The Industrial Revolution 1780-1800 profoundly affected Britain and along the side Europe. Practically all parts of life were changed as individuals turned out to be a piece of the plant framework. Individuals moved from provincial territories and horticultural occupations to towns where public activity was increasingly unoriginal and unknown. They started to work by a clock rather than the rhythms of the period. Customary qualities and jobs were dropped as new ones advanced. To consider Sociology, one must have what C. Wright Mills called a â€Å"sociological imagination†. Sociological reasoning and creative mind expects us to expel ourselves from our regular day to day existences and experience, and take a gander at them in an unexpected way. At exactly that point would we be able to understand that individual experience can really reflect bigger issues. He underscored the distinction between â€Å"personal inconveniences of millue† and â€Å"public issues of social structure†(Mills 2000 :5) This implies the sociological creative mind permits us to see that open issues, for example, war, marriage, the economy, urbanization and so forth, can influence the person just as close to home condition and encounters. â€Å"The sociological creative mind empowers us to get a handle on history and life story and the relations between the two. That is its undertaking and its guarantee. †(Mills 2000:2) He expressed that sociologists must pose three significant inquiries: What is the structure of this specific culture? Where does this general public substitute mankind's history? What assortments of people win in this general public and in the coming time frame? (Plants 200:3) He accepted that as people these inquiries would assist us with comprehending our own place and involvement with the general public we live in and distinguish its structures and qualities. He additionally expressed that â€Å"they are the issues unavoidably raised by any psyche having the sociological creative mind. For that creative mind is the ability to move structure one point of view to another†. The sociological creative mind permits us to be scientific and incredulous of the world and to take a gander at the master plan. There are numerous sociological speculations which endeavor to clarify how society functions. They give a structure to clarifying social conduct. They discover the connection between people, gatherings and society. These hypotheses can be placed into two general classes, large scale speculations and miniaturized scale hypotheses. Large scale speculations, for example, Functionalism and Marxism hope to clarifying conduct through the idea of social structures and take a gander at society comprehensively. Full scale hypotheses will in general utilize quantitive exploration when a social hypothesis or model is being investigated. Information must be quantifiable and proccessed scientifically (studies) to give unprejudiced outcomes that can be estimated, contrasted and related with enormous pieces of society (Amit B. Marvasti 2004:7). Smaller scale hypotheses, for example, social activity and representative collaboration take a gander at singular conduct and how little scope communications shape society. Miniaturized scale speculations utilize qualitive examination strategies, focusing on littler gatherings however giving increasingly nitty gritty investigation and depictions of human experience. The test can be based around a hypothesis and results are recorded as nitty gritty, story depictions rather than numerical codes found in quantitive exploration (Amit B. Mavasti 2004:10) Functionalism examinations how social structures clarify conduct. Associated portions of society need to work together to make an entire framework. Natural or mechanical analogies are frequently utilized. Functionalism stresses mix, amicability, security and coherence. It is a positive point of view that perspectives even catastrophes or disparity as serving a capacity in the public arena. McClelland2001:1) It takes a gander at society in general and is acceptable at clarifying the perseverance of social marvels (anomie). Marxism likewise centers around social structures yet is a contention hypothesis. Society is comprised of foundation and superstructure. This structure depends on the imbalance of conveyance of creation and causes strife. It perceives diverse force interests in gatherings and is acc eptable at clarifying clash and change ( SparkNotes Editors 2006). Social Action hypothesis underlines the purposeful conduct of people as the reason for social structure. People shape society because of deliberate individual or gathering collaboration. It focuses on the importance of social conduct and its translation by others and is acceptable at clarifying little scope cooperations. As indicated by Anthony Giddens , great human science must inspect both social structures and social connections. It is the means by which a more full comprehension of public activity is accomplished (Giddens2005:25). Socialization, Social request and Social Stratification are three key ideas in human science that attempt to clarify the connection between the individual and society. Social request is the manner by which societies’ fundamental prerequisites are met to exist, how harmony and request is kept up. It is gotten officially through laws and using accepted practices, jobs and qualities. It includes a lot of connected structures, foundations and practices that can keep up and uphold congruity and social request (Dr Almog 1998). Functionalist hypothesis sees people as adding to social request by cheerfully assuming out their involved jobs inside social establishments. These jobs are guided by the standards and qualities we learn through socialization and are fundamental for society to work (Dr Almog 1998). Marxist hypothesis asserts that social request is constrained on the individual, standards and qualities are utilized by foundations that need to look after free enterprise. They are an approach to control the common laborers (Giddens 2006: 301-302). Social Action hypothesis considers social to be as a result of social associations, emblematic implications and how they are deciphered by others. The individual is a social entertainer who will decipher and process social upgrades and settles on decisions as needs be. Socialization is a deep rooted learning procedure and has a urgent impact in shaping our personalities. It is the procedure by which people get familiar with the way of life of their society† (Haralambos amp; Holborn 2008:3). The significant phase of socialization happens during early stages. The kid learns numerous fundamental personal conduct standards of its general public by reacting to the endorsement or objection to their folks and furthermore by replicating th eir model. In western social orders, the instructive framework, religion, the broad communications, the word related gathering and companion bunches are likewise significant in the socialization procedure ( Haralambos amp; Holbor2008:3). Functionalist hypothesis accepts that socialization strengthens the social structure and looks after society. That it is practical and useful to social request. It moves culture, standards and qualities to new ages and incorporates people into society. It is the social magic that binds society and makes a feeling of agreement and participation (Kent McClelland 2001). Marxism considers socialization to be one of the best apparatuses of the Bourgeoisie. It legitimizes existing social imbalances and readies the person for a class related job they will fill inconclusively (SparkNotes Editors 2006). Social Action hypothesis accepts socialization is important according to images and their translation, the improvement of social personality and the little scope collaborations that shape it. Socialization keeps up social request (Cardiff University 2010). Social Stratification is the positioning and requesting of people inside a general public. It is an organized chain of importance which prompts divisions and higher status, riches and benefit for certain gatherings. Social class is the definition framework found in current modern social orders like the UK, however it can likewise happen because of different qualities, for example, sexual orientation, age, strict training or military position (Giddens 2006:295) Members of a specific layers will share a comparable way of life and normal personality which will somewhat recognize them from individuals from other social layers (H amp; H 2008:19) A functionalist point of view of social separation is that it depends on meritocracy and is in this way an unavoidable piece everything being equal. Talcott Parsons accepted that social separations are a fundamental articulation of shared qualities which are a basic piece of a working society. Social delineation is utilitarian since it incorporates different gatherings in the public eye (Hamp; H2008:21) Marxism sees definition as a troublesome structure as opposed to a coordinated one. It is viewed as a component for the decision class to

The Tragedy Of Macbeth Essays - Characters In Macbeth, Free Essays

The Tragedy Of Macbeth Essays - Characters In Macbeth, Free Essays The Tragedy of Macbeth The Tragedy of Macbeth is tormented with the pictures that harmonize with its numerous subjects. In spite of the fact that there is actually no focal subject and all appear to blend, it would be amazingly hard to inquire about the play completely. In this way, I've decided to center my investigation towards the repetitive picture of blood and how it's essence influenced both Macbeth and Lady Macbeth and the possible result of the play. The blood pictures in the play effectsly affected the two. Be that as it may, maybe the most recognizably influenced individual would be Lady Macbeth. It was after the passing of Duncan that the greater part of the repercussions occurred, in any case, she started making references to blood even before the homicide. In her arguing to the spirits, she supplicated, Make thick my blood (Act I.Scene v.line 43) all together that she may not feel any regret by her future activity. She considers her to be blood as a shortcoming in her character and wants it to be more extravagant (thicker) with the characteristics of fearlessness, valiance and even passionate quality which that of a man may have. For a period these requests appeared as though they had really been replied. Not significantly after the homicide of Duncan or Banquo did she lose her levelheadedness, truth be told, she really shielded her better half from losing his psyche. In the end, however, her conceded want seemed to wear off and her normally meager blood started to move through her veins once more. The weight of her liable cognizant had driven her to madness. As she communicates in her sleepwalking state, this blame is felt because of the nearness of Duncan's blood. Out, condemned spot! Out I state! One: Two: why, at that point 'tis 2. time to do't. Damnation is dim. Fie, my master, fie! A warrior, and afeard? What need we dread who knows it, when none can call our pow'r to accompt? However who might have thought the elderly person to have such a great amount of blood in him (V.i.34-39)? It is handily perceived how she has lost all out control of her brain. For she hops from theme to subject and in her cluttered considerations has implicated herself without knowing it. She even encounters a mental trip with regards to the blood of Duncan which had once been on her hand. Here's the smell of blood still. All the scents of Arabia won't improve this little hand. Gracious, goodness, gracious (V.i.49-51)! It is really a kind of incongruity that her shortcoming in character (slimness of her blood) couldn't bear the quality of blame brought upon her by the nearness of Duncan's blood. This reality ends up being her destruction for it at last drives her to end her own life. Macbeth is the following character whereupon the picture of blood caused significant damage. Be that as it may, its impact was the specific inverse on Macbeth than on his significant other, for he promptly felt a remorseful cognizant and was frequently being sincerely arranged by his better half. As time went on however it got simpler for him to kill and he became sincerely more grounded while his significant other got logically more fragile. When Macbeth had carried out his first wrongdoing against Scotland, he quickly felt the impacts of his deed. The staggering condition of dread, uneasiness and touchiness that set in can without much of a stretch be found in 3. these lines. Whence is that thumping? How is't with me, when each commotion dismays me? What hands are here? Ha! They pluck out mine eyes! Will all extraordinary Neptune's sea wash this blood Clean from my hand? No; this my hand will rather The innumerable oceans incarnadine, Making the green one red (II.iii.56-62). Woman Macbeth, keeping up her tranquility, directs her better half through his weakness, as they plan to clarify their deed. For the time they had seemed fruitful and Duncan's homicide had been pushed to the rear of Macbeth's psyche; indeed he was set up to kill, even his closest companion Banquo. Having legitimately planned the passing of his dear companion, the impacts of brutally spilt blood were going to hit. Macbeth, in his mind flight, sees his perished companion's phantom with twenty dug slices on his head. Again Macbeth's condition of dread sets in. Avaunt! what's more, quit my sight! Let the earth stow away thee! Thy bones are marrowless, thy

Differentiated Teaching Free Essays

Instructors have consistently had a job of discovering approaches to improve their capacity to give training and learning among understudies. With the expanding difficulties and obstacles in today’s 21st century instruction, instructors must stay dynamic in searching for choices and strategies that will shape and sustain understudies capacity to decode data, gain new abilities and grow comprehensively inside the study hall. As I had the option to watch the film, I learned numerous significant bits of knowledge and qualities towards instructing. We will compose a custom paper test on Separated Teaching or on the other hand any comparative theme just for you Request Now In here, the film caught the embodiment of differential learning as I ran over different rules that helped me gain thoughts encompassing its motivation and pertinence inside the study hall arrangement. It helped me create attention to various techniques and systems that might be considered material towards my case and different instructors too. It is by understanding these features that one can boost the abilities of each procedure and support the degree of responsibility on the two gatherings. Responding from this, I feel that to have the option to increase these expectations of responsibility and duty among instructors, there should be a community oriented exertion among one another. This implies participation and data sharing is an essential segment as it diagrams both the positive effect and suggestions for seeking after a relative plan or objective. Moreover, such comprehension empowers the development of parameters for quality and abilities constructing that are important to be equipped in a specific region or subject. The following part includes dynamic getting ready for screening understudies as indicated by their inclinations and qualities. Under this procedure, instructors devise their own rubrics and objectives that effectively line up with both their objectives and continue the parameters of encouraging results that is established on execution and capacity of every understudy to saddle and interpret data. At long last, such procedure empowers dynamic contribution with respect to understudy and builds their ability to get capable in the specific class. Related with this activity rotates around the idea of fathoming the possibility of a child’s numerous insight abilities. As the film introduced the perspective on Howard Gardener, it gave us the impression of concentrating on qualities and advocating territories wherein we can build up our shortcomings in both arranging and help of educating destinations. Utilizing different factors to signify such skills, it can help escalate roads towards adaptability and permits them to encourage such target utilizing bunch elements and interchange. To imply the quality of this model, the film demonstrated separating the gathering into a few segments to increase the methodology of picking up trust in their specialized topics. Permitting this region to be thought of, the instructor had the option to differentiate the requirements of understudies and effectively address their own degree of learning. This thought together with some beneficial materials, it can help enough encourage the capacity of instructors to rise above over understudy needs utilizing a few strategies and approaches. Such aspect has been the essential point of differential learning and has saddled my capacity as a teacher to increase new aptitudes all the while. To finish up, the film was fundamental in opening up mindfulness on my part as an educator. It acquainted me with a few procedures and strategies that can improve the capacity to connect and pick up skill in encouraging consistence and participation among understudies. By concentrating on the primary fundamentals and features of this hypothesis, I as an instructor can oversee new thoughts and utilize the vital apparatuses to grow better approaches for improving homeroom educating. Such procedure enables me to address the expanding needs of understudies particularly in today’s 21st century training. The most effective method to refer to Differentiated Teaching, Papers

How to Write Your Military Academy Essay Sample

How to Write Your Military Academy Essay SampleMilitary Academy Essay samples are a must-have for aspiring military officers. Although most applicants for the military are from this branch of the service, there are also some who enlist from other branches. Being selective is one thing, but not being selective in the realm of writing is quite another.The essay may be used as a part of an application to a military academy or an appropriate academic paper at an Ivy League school. Either way, whether your goal is to enlist or your aim is to become a commissioned officer, the essay sample is absolutely critical to your goal.There are several ways in which an essay can be used as a key component of your application to the military academy. You can submit a cover letter, a personal statement, and an academic record that will serve as your application. The most popular method is to use your military Academy essay samples as your academic paper.The basic structure for these essays is usually to start off by writing a chapter on yourself and then a chapter on your future goals. These chapters will consist of a brief description of yourself that will include such information as: How long have you been in the military? Your likes and dislikes, what you like and dislike about military life, what you like about civilian life, what your biggest assets are, what you do well, what you would change about yourself, and anything else you feel will help you write an essay.After this you will need to address any issues, setbacks, and future obstacles you may encounter while serving. Again, the key here is to tell your story from the inside out and do so in a manner that is non-blatant. With this in mind, if you do encounter any challenges or are faced with any hard times during your enlistment, you will want to mention this in your military Academy essay samples.One last thing to mention is that you will need to include a section on any recommendations that are made while your enlis tment is taking place, whether through the cadet handbook or any other written source. This includes any personal service awards or commendations you have earned. If you are faced with a real tough time at the military academy, be sure to include this in your military Academy essay samples.Finally, it is also important to include your personal data, such as addresses, phone numbers, email addresses, and anything else that is appropriate. It is important to include a large number of them so that it does not look as if you are copying information from someone else. Just remember to do so when you write your military Academy essay samples so that it does not look as if you are stuffing in information that you do not know.

Young Blood, Rising Sun An Epidemic Of Youth Violence

Young Blood, Rising Sun: An Epidemic of Youth Violence in Japan Since the defeat of Japan in the Second World War, the Japanese national economy has seen tremendous economic growth, led by industrial mavens such as Mitsubishi, Honda, and Sony. This growth can only be contributed to the Japanese workforce: Well-disciplined, group-focused, and willing to sacrifice everything for success, all stereotypical of the Japanese society. However, with newer generations of Japanese growing up with more western-style values in mind, many are finding it increasingly difficult to cope with the rigid lifestyle that traditional Japanese society demands. This, coupled with the recent upsurge in crimes committed by Japan’s youth, has caused many older generations to question whether the blame for these cases can be attributed to Japanese standards or the younger generations themselves. However, it is becoming more and more obvious that ijime (bullying) developed from the stress of maintaining rigorous standards in the Japanese education system, breakdown of family intimacy, and media violence are part of the reason for this surge in youth violence in Japan, not the youth themselves. The Japanese education itself is partially to blame for this upsurge of youth violence. With its emphasis academic excellence and strict discipline both in and out of school, it is very difficult for youth in schools to develop in a positive atmosphere. Through this competitiveness, students learn that it isShow MoreRelatedAnalysis of the Deserter by Winifred M. Letts4013 Words   |  17 PagesOld Man and the Young Spring in War-Time Perhaps- Reported Missing E.A. Mackintosh Katherine Tynan Hinkson Ivor Gurney Wilfred Owen Wilfred Owen Ivor Gurney Siegfried Sassoon Winifred M. 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Humans and the Four Main Ways of Knowing Language,...

As humans we normally depend on the four main ways of knowing; Language, emotion, sense perception and reason. Although, each way of knowing has its weakness. We usually use the ways of knowing together with one another. In some cases the area of knowledge may not use sense perception but most of the time we often believe that Math for example uses logic and reason. How true is this? Reason is considered to be one of the most powerful ways of knowing. One main strength of reason as a way of knowing is that it seems to provide us with validity. Individuals can interpret logic to be the study of the accurate way of reasoning. It includes disputes, deceptiveness, validity, invalidity and assumption. Logic makes it easier for us to comprehend exactly what our beliefs are and demonstrates how visibly we can exhibit them. Over the years logicians have come across two ways of reasoning; inductive and deductive. Inductive reasoning is the practice of scientific morals that is use to draw the most apparent or possible conclusion from proof. Inductive reasoning is the process of observing something for a long period of time then coming to a conclusion that it us as we observe it to be. But, due to the fact that it is based on our observation it can be considered biased meaning it doesnt really assure full certainty of knowing. For example inductive reasoning in the case of swans, a naturalist has been observing swans for a long period of time, he only sees the white swans therefore

Midnights Children Essay Example For Students

Midnights Children Essay Salman Rushdies novel Midnights Children employs strategies which engage in an exploration of History, Nationalism and Hybridity. This essay will examine three passages from the novel which demonstrate these issues. Furthermore, it will explore why each passage is a good demonstration of these issues, how these issues apply to India in the novel, and how the novel critiques these concepts. The passage from pages 37-38 effectively demonstrates the concept of history, as it foregrounds elements important to this issue. Rushdie, challenges the conventional modes of history through his self reflective narrative structure. The passage is a good demonstration of its topic as it illustrates the problems of re-writing history. His mode of writing attempts to encourage the reader to reconsider the valid interpretation of his history. Saleem writes please believe that I am falling apart ,as he begins to crack like an old jug, illustrating a sense of fragmentation of his story. This parallels the narrative structure of the novel as being circular, discontinuous and digressive. This fragmentation appropriates the concept of history, which was developed by colonisers. History works for a particular class of ideology, and therefore it will be contaminated, oblique and subjective. The fictionality of history is grounded in the simple assumption that life is shaped like a story. For S aleem, who is buffeted by too much history, it is his memory which creates his own history. Memory, as well as fruit, is being saved from the corruption of the clocks. This reflects back to concepts of time and place. Yet, for Rushdie, it is not based on the universal empty time that has been conceptualised by the colonisers. Notions of time and space are integrated into his own history. The novel critiques concepts of history by challenging traditional conventions. Rushdie uses unreliable events to subvert official notions of history. For example, in his description of the Amrister Massacre he describes the troops that fire on the crowd as being white, when they were not. He does this perhaps to illustrate how much history is based on interpretation and ideology. It also illustrates how fact (written down as history), fails to take into account different notions of space and time. For example, in the passage on page 37, Saleem mentions the game of hit -the- spittoon, in which Nadir Khan learnt from the old men in Agra. For Saleem, this is history, and although it is just a story of his, it now has been documented and becomes history. This illustrates the problems faced by post-colonial writers in re-writing history. They become marginalised , as history was based on public events. Yet, Midnights Children draws on many historical events, which parallel that to Indias. Saleem Sinai provides us with an alternative version of Indias modern history from his point of view. For example, he was born on August 15 1947, on the stroke of midnight, at the precise instant of Indias Independence. The time of birth matters because it has made him mysteriously handcuffed to history. It is evident that the concept of history runs throughout the novel. Midnights Children offers an alternative history of India. The passage detailing Methwolds Estate on page 92 illustrates the issue of nationalism. It explores the historical, and national explanation of the founding of Bombay, a dream of British Bombay fortified, defending Indias west against all comers, which saw Methwolds vision a step closer to reality. This passage shows the transfer of national assets to the elites. It is a classic model of the transfer of a nation from colonisers which tries to manipulate a nation. .udda6cac070ee3424403e462fb1a128b8 , .udda6cac070ee3424403e462fb1a128b8 .postImageUrl , .udda6cac070ee3424403e462fb1a128b8 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .udda6cac070ee3424403e462fb1a128b8 , .udda6cac070ee3424403e462fb1a128b8:hover , .udda6cac070ee3424403e462fb1a128b8:visited , .udda6cac070ee3424403e462fb1a128b8:active { border:0!important; } .udda6cac070ee3424403e462fb1a128b8 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .udda6cac070ee3424403e462fb1a128b8 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .udda6cac070ee3424403e462fb1a128b8:active , .udda6cac070ee3424403e462fb1a128b8:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .udda6cac070ee3424403e462fb1a128b8 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .udda6cac070ee3424403e462fb1a128b8 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .udda6cac070ee3424403e462fb1a128b8 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .udda6cac070ee3424403e462fb1a128b8 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .udda6cac070ee3424403e462fb1a128b8:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .udda6cac070ee3424403e462fb1a128b8 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .udda6cac070ee3424403e462fb1a128b8 .udda6cac070ee3424403e462fb1a128b8-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .udda6cac070ee3424403e462fb1a128b8:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Business Ethics EssayThis passage foregrounds the question of creating a national identity out of the legacy of an empire. Yet it is quite ironic as this transfer doesnt really alter the dominant indigenous forms. Saleem describes an India that is changing them, adapting to celebrating the cocktail hour, and indulging in their gardens. It appears, that Rushdie is commenting on the authenticity of this desire to create a unified state. They have been robbed of their identities and made to change and live in an imagined unified community. The novel critiques concepts of nationalism by challenging the legacy of the empire. For example, on page 189, Saleem says but the boundaries of these states were not formed by rivers or mountainsLanguage divided us. It becomes apparent that the function of Indian nationalism was to unite a shared purpose of political future and cultural identity. Yet in both Saleem and Rushdies eyes, they were divided by language. Rushdie critiques and places emphasis on the heterogenia of the people and comments on the idea that the nation is a fabrication that tries to pull them together. Their identity seemed to be united instead by a wall of words. Rushdie also critiques the concept of Print Capitalism, where printed matter tries to unify a group of people through the language. Novels and Newspapers helped to standardise language, proffering a sense of an (imaginary) homogeneous community that was a nation. Rushdie challenges this in the format of Midnights Children, which is structured in three volume form of the classic nineteenth realist text, highlighting his awareness of his literary predecessors. Hybridity is an important cultural concept which operates through Midnights Children. Saleem is the ultimate hybrid, having many surrogate parents, his biological father is a departing colonist. The passage on page 211 clearly demonstrates Saleems hybrid identity. He relates hybridity to history by entailing the hetreogeneity of memory. Memorys truth because memory has its own special kind . For Saleem, his memory provides a search for the truth, rather than many truths. Saleem links his hybrid history to chutney which illustrates the sign of a mixed identity. Green chutney on chilli-pakoras , this imagery of chutney runs throughout the novel and assist Saleems story. He later, uses this image to sum up his hybridise culture, which parallels the chutnification of history and pickling of time. Rushdie comments on the colonised mimicking the coloniser. Two histories have emerged together, which is filled with contamination as mimicry becomes a problem as it disrupts the power. This reflects, what Rushdie calls like chutney, a mixture of history, and nationalism that become so dense and enmeshed that they transform to create a new culture. Rushdie effectively tackles issues of post-colonial studies of history, nationalism and hybridity, and Midnights Children illustrates and challenges these concepts.